Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license
Authors
1
PhD candidate Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Faculty of Islamic Sciences and Researches, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Faculty of Islamic Sciences and Research, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
3
Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Faculty of Islamic Sciences and Researches, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
4
Associate Professor, Department of History, Institute for Humanities and Cultural studies, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/ihc.2026.69598.1107
Abstract
Women's veil (hijab) as a social, cultural and religious concept has always been a subject of controversy. The Tudeh Party, as a Marxist party, had its own views on women's veil (hijab) that were in conflict with religious teachings and indigenous norms of Iranian society. The main issue in this article is the analysis of the Tudeh Party's view on women's veil (hijab), which has been attempted to identify and explain the most important components of this view using the method of "theme analysis" based on data extracted from the magazine "Bidaari Ma". The findings of this study show that this magazine has produced four main themes on the subject of hijab: 1) The veil hinders women's individual and social growth; 2) The veil is a symbol of oppression, ignorance and social restriction and deviation; 3) The roots of the hijab; 4) The elimination of the common hijab. Based on these themes, the Tudeh Party was against the hijab and supported the uncovering of the hijab as a right for women, although it did not agree with the way it was implemented by Reza Shah. These positions reflect the party's unrealistic perspective and its distance from the religious and cultural beliefs of the majority of Iranian society during the years the publication was published (1944 to 1948).
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