The Ideological Plurality of the Hurufis and the Reaction of the Shiites to the Hurufism Beliefs

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license

Authors

Department of History, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

The Ideological Plurality of the Hurufis and the Reaction of the Shiites to the Hurufism Beliefs
Abstract
 With the spread of the Hurufism movement, the idea spread in the Islamic world that most of the followers of Fazlallah Hurufi were Shiites. Mentioning the names of Shiite imams in the works of Fazlallah Hurufi and Imadaddin Nasimi and believing in Mahdism and the appearance of a savior were considered to be clear signs of the Hurufism being Shiites. Although there were other sects among the Hurufism followers, such as Sunnis. However, a number of Shiites had also joined this group. With the revelation of Fazlallah Hurufi's exaggerated and atheistic beliefs, many Shiites in the cities repented and separated from the Hurufism. In regard to Hurufis as shiites, Shiite scholars called them devils and rejected their Shiiteness.
 The study of the ideological pluralism of the Hurufism and the attribution of Shiism to the Hurufism and the Shiites reaction to this attribution is the subject of this article, which is explained analytically and with reference to historical sources and contemporary research.
 In conclusion this research shows that the followers of the Hurufism were from different sects and schools, and the Shiites, understanding the atheistic thoughts of Fazlallah Hurufi, separated themselves from the followers of Fazl and opposed them.
 

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Iranian History of Culture
Volume 2, Issue 2
September 2025
Pages 214-224

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History

  • Receive Date: 06 January 2025
  • Revise Date: 15 February 2025
  • Accept Date: 18 February 2025
  • Publish Date: 23 September 2025

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